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生态系统是指在一定空间内生物与环境构成的自然、开放的生态学基本单位,在生态系统中各种生命现象之间在生存过程中相互竞争、相互作用、相互依存,形成健康有序的状态。每个生物单位都处于一定的生态位下,在某种特定的条件下通过自然选择、优胜劣汰等方式,实现生态系统的自我控制、自我调节和自我发展,实现生态系统的平衡。这些重要的生态学概念被广泛运用于生态研究和交叉学科领域。生态思想
Ecosystem refers to the natural and open ecological unit formed by the living things and the environment in a certain space. It competes, interacts and interdependences among various life phenomena in the ecosystem and forms a healthy and orderly status. Each biological unit is under a certain ecological niche, under certain conditions, through natural selection, survival of the fittest and other means to achieve ecosystem self-control, self-regulation and self-development, to achieve ecological balance. These important ecological concepts are widely used in ecological research and interdisciplinary fields. Ecological thought