在我国,花药离体培养是七十年代兴起的一门新的育种技术。由于花粉植株是一个纯合体,吸引着人们企图应用这一新技术固定水稻等作物的杂种优势,省去制种的繁琐程序。花粉植株能否固定杂种优势这是一直争论着的问题,笔者认为根据遗传学的观点,对杂种优势的解释应包含两方面的含义:第一是两个不同遗传性状的品种(或自交系)杂交产生的一代杂种;第二、这个杂种的生长势、适应性、经济性状和产量等有 In our country, the in vitro culture of anther is a new breeding technique that emerged in the seventies. Because the pollen plant is a homozygote, it attracts people’s attempt to apply this new technology to immobilize the heterosis of rice and other crops, eliminating the cumbersome procedures for seed production. Pollen plants can be fixed heterosis This is the subject of controversy, I believe that according to the genetic point of view, the explanation of heterosis should contain two aspects: First, two different genetic traits (or inbred lines ) Hybrid generation of hybrids; second, the hybrid growth potential, adaptability, economic traits and yields such as