目的分析比较学龄高功能孤独障碍患儿大脑白质结构的异常。方法对17例高功能(IQ≥70)孤独障碍患儿(患者组)以及15名年龄、性别、智商与之相匹配的正常儿童(对照组)进行T1加权三维MRI成像,应用基于像素的形态测量法(VBM)等分析比较两组脑白质体积的差异。结果与正常对照组相比,患者组大脑左侧半球白质的总体积减少(P=0.050),右前扣带回以及左顶上小叶区域脑白质体积显著减少(P<0.001)。结论学龄高功能孤独障碍患儿脑白质体积异常明显,脑白质的异常可能是学龄孤独障碍的重要病理机制之一。 Objective To analyze and compare the abnormal white matter structure of children with school-age high-functioning children with autism disorder. Methods T-weighted MRI was performed in 17 children (patient group) with high function (IQ≥70) with autism disorder and 15 normal children (control group) matched with age, sex and IQ. The control group was based on pixel-based morphology Measurement (VBM) and other analysis and comparison of two groups of white matter volume differences. Results Compared with the normal control group, the total volume of left hemisphere white matter decreased (P = 0.050), the amount of white matter in the right anterior cingulate gyrus and the left parietal lobule decreased significantly (P <0.001). Conclusion The age of white matter in children with school-age high-functioning children with idiopathic dysfunction is significantly abnormal. The abnormalities of white matter may be one of the important pathological mechanisms of ADL.