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近年来,综合模块化航空电子(Integrated Modular Avionics,IMA)构架逐渐流行,并通过引入资源分区的概念取代了传统的联合式系统构架。研究了IMA构架下分层调度的设计问题。调度模型通过强时间分区,使多个强实时应用方便地集成在一个单处理器平台。推导出分区周期、分区系数以及可调度性在实时条件下的数学关系,并提出了分区参数的优化算法。考虑具有任意时限的实时任务模型,提高了算法的通用性。在分层调度的基础上,通过有效利用松弛时间,提出一种能量优化方法,进一步减少了飞行器上嵌入式系统的能耗。实验结果表明,本文提出的系统设计方法在保证硬实时需求的基础上,有效的降低能耗达 14%。
In recent years, the Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) architecture has become increasingly popular and has replaced the traditional federated system architecture by introducing the concept of resource zoning. The design of hierarchical scheduling under IMA architecture is studied. Dispatching models facilitate time-partitioning of multiple strong real-time applications into a single processor platform. The mathematical relationship between partitioning period, partitioning coefficient and schedulability under real-time condition is deduced, and the optimization algorithm of partitioning parameters is proposed. Considering the real-time task model with arbitrary time frame, the generality of the algorithm is improved. Based on the hierarchical scheduling, an energy optimization method is proposed to reduce the energy consumption of the embedded system on the aircraft by making effective use of relaxation time. The experimental results show that the proposed system design method can effectively reduce the energy consumption by 14% on the basis of ensuring the real-time demand of hardware.