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苎麻进行冬培,是保证麻田常年稳产高产的关键,特别是对头麻的增产效果更为显著。据试验,在同等条件下,冬培的头麻为135—145斤,比不冬培的增产21.5％左右。我县麻农冬季培育管理的作法是: 1、深中耕。苧麻年收三季、季季田间操作践踏,麻地土壤板结,通气性差,影响根系发育,同时杂草丛生。通过深中耕,可以松土除草,改善土壤水、肥、气、热条件,有利微生物活动,促进土壤有机质和速效养分的提高。据中国麻类研究所试验,深中耕后比不中耕的硝态氮提高41.6％,速效磷提高25％,速效钾提高14.3％。同时深中耕还可挖断老麻园行中麻,控制无效分株,
Winter ramie cultivation, is to ensure stable and productive field all year round, the key to high yield, especially for the head of Ma stimulation effect is more significant. According to the test, under the same conditions, the first crop of winter cultivars is 135-145 kg, which is 21.5% more than the non-winter cultivated ones. Winter cultivation management practices in our county is: 1, deep plowing. Ramie annual income in three seasons, season field operation trampled, marsh soil compaction, poor aeration, affecting root development, while overgrown. Through deep-tillage, weeds can be loosened and weed, improving soil water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions, benefiting microbial activities and promoting the improvement of soil organic matter and available nutrients. According to the test of China Bast Institute, after deep tillage, the nitrate nitrogen increased by 41.6%, available phosphorus increased 25% and available potassium increased 14.3% compared with non-tillage. At the same time deep plowing can also cut the old Ma Yuan line Ma, control invalid ramets,