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目的了解合肥市流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)流行前期和中期健康人群带菌率及抗体水平,为开展流脑疫情预测、预警建立相关依据。方法在全市按分层整群抽样方法,抽取幼儿园、小学、初中、高中和服务业人群,于流脑流行前期和中期分别进行健康人群流脑带菌率和抗体水平监测。结果流行前期总带菌率为3.0%,B、C群带菌率均为1.0%;城乡人群带菌率分别为2.2%、4.2%;城市人群B、C群带菌率分别为1.0%、0.5%;农村人群B、C群带菌率分别为1.1%、1.8%;总带菌率有随年龄增长而上升趋势。流行中期总带菌率为6.0%,是流行前期的2倍,B、C群带菌率分别为2.2%、3.2%,分别是流行前期的2.2倍、3.2倍;城市人群B、C群带菌率均为3.3%,分别是流行前期的3.3倍、6.6倍;农村人群B、C群带菌率人别为0.3%、3.0%,分别是流行前期的27%、1.7倍。总带菌率以16~18岁的高中学生最高(11.4%)。流行前期和中期A群抗体阳性率分别为82.5%、87.4%,C群抗体阳性率分别为67.0%、84.6%,差异均有显著或非常显著的统计学意义(χ2=6.43,P<0.05;χ2=51.3,P<0.01)。流行前期A群和C群抗体阳性率均为农村高于城市人群,差异有显著或非常显著的统计学意义(χ2=6.05,P<0.05;2χ=51.38,P<0.01)。与流行前期相比,农村人群流行中期A群和C群抗体阳性率未上升或未明显上升,城市人群A群和C群抗体阳性率分别上升了10.8个和29.8个百分点,差异均有非常显著的统计学意义(2χ=16.93,53.1;P均<0.01)。结论开展流脑流行前期和中期带菌率及抗体水平检测,可以初步掌握流脑防治的重点人群。
Objective To understand the prevalence and antibody levels of healthy people in epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (meningococcal meningitis) in Hefei during the pre-epidemic period and in mid-term. To establish the basis for the prediction of meningococcal epidemic and early warning. Methods According to stratified cluster sampling method in the whole city, kindergarten, primary school, middle school, high school and service people were sampled. The rate of infection and the level of antibody in the cerebellum of healthy people were monitored in the early and middle stages of meningococcal epidemic. Results The prevalence of total bacteria was 3.0% in the pre-epidemic period and 1.0% in the B and C groups respectively. The prevalence rates in urban and rural areas were 2.2% and 4.2% respectively. The prevalence rates of B and C in urban population were 1.0% and 0.5% The population carrying rates of population B and C were 1.1% and 1.8% respectively; the total carrier rate increased with age. The total prevalence of mid-term epidemic was 6.0%, which was twice that of the pre-epidemic stage. The prevalence rates of B and C were 2.2% and 3.2% respectively, 2.2 and 3.2 times higher than that of pre-epidemic stage respectively. 3.3%, respectively, 3.3 times the pre-epidemic, 6.6 times; rural population B, C population carrying rate of 0.3%, 3.0%, respectively, pre-popular 27%, 1.7 times. The total incidence of high school students with 16 to 18 years of high school students (11.4%). The prevalences of group A antibody in pre-epidemic and metaphase were 82.5% and 87.4%, respectively. The positive rates of antibody in group C were 67.0% and 84.6%, respectively, with significant or very significant differences (χ2 = 6.43, P <0.05; χ2 = 51.3, P <0.01). The positive rates of antibody of group A and group C during the pre-epidemic phase were higher in rural than in urban population, with significant or very significant difference (χ2 = 6.05, P <0.05; 2χ = 51.38, P <0.01). Compared with the pre-epidemic phase, the positive rates of the antibody of group A and group C did not increase or obviously increase in the middle of rural population, and the positive rate of antibody of group A and group C increased by 10.8 and 29.8 percentage points in urban population respectively, with significant difference The statistical significance (2χ = 16.93,53.1; P <0.01). Conclusions Carrying on the detection of carrier rate and antibody level in the early and middle stages of epidemic of meningococci, we can initially grasp the key population of prevention and treatment of.