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目的了解遵义市死因监测点的死因漏报情况,为评价死因监测质量提供科学依据。方法在遵义市的四个死因监测点,以多种渠道收集2013-2014年所有常住人口的死亡情况,摸底后进行入户核实,并与常规监测数据库进行核对,描述漏报病例的特征。结果监测点共漏报4 373例,总漏报率为19.14%。漏报病例数以脑血管病、心脏病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病和损伤及中毒最多,共3 614例(占82.64%),男性和女性漏报率依次为18.97%和19.38%,差异无统计学意义(x~2=0.60,P=0.44);各年龄组漏报率差异有统计学意义(x~2=22.09,P<0.001),以0~4岁人群漏报率最高,65岁及以上年龄组最低;各监测点间,汇川区漏报率最高,为39.52%,红花岗区漏报率最低,为5.37%,差异有统计学意义(x~2=2 070.31,P<0.001)。结论遵义市死因监测点死亡漏报率较高,应规范死因报告管理,逐步提高死因监测数据质量。
Objective To understand the causes of underreporting of death causes in Zunyi City and provide a scientific basis for evaluating the quality of cause of death monitoring. Methods The death toll of all resident population in 2013-2014 was collected through various channels in the four monitoring sites of death causes in Zunyi City. The data were verified after entering the household and checked with the routine monitoring database to describe the characteristics of missed cases. Results A total of 4 373 cases were missed, with a total false negative rate of 19.14%. A total of 3 614 cases (82.64%) had cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, malignant tumor, respiratory system disease and injury and poisoning, and the omission rates of male and female were 18.97% and 19.38% respectively, with no difference (X ~ 2 = 0.60, P = 0.44). There was a significant difference between the two groups in age (x ~ 2 = 22.09, P <0.001) Among the monitoring sites, the omission rate was 39.52% in Huichuan District and 5.37% in Honghuagang District, the difference was statistically significant (x 2 = 2070.31, P <0.001). Conclusion The death rate of death causes in Zunyi City is relatively high, and the cause of death report should be regulated and the quality of the data of the cause of death monitoring gradually increased.