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目的分析病毒核酸检测(NAT)对提高南京地区HIV检出率的有效性。方法对2013年3月-2015年9月207 354份无偿献血者血液标本进行HIV ELISA和NAT平行检测。对ELISA检测无反应性而NAT检测有反应性的献血者进行随访追踪。ELISA检测有反应性(包括随访追踪检测有反应性)标本送南京市疾病预防控制中心(CDC)确认检测。结果 207 354份标本HIV ELISA检测有反应性共195份,有反应性率为0.940‰(195/207 354),NAT检测有反应性共35份,有反应性率为0.169‰(35/207 354)。检出3份ELISA无反应性而NAT有反应性标本,对应献血者随访追踪血液标本均呈ELISA有反应性。所有ELISA有反应性标本经CDC确认有35份标本呈HIV抗体阳性。ELISA检测后HIV窗口检出率为1∶69 118(3/207 354)。结论病毒核酸检测可提高HIV检出率,增加输血安全性。
Objective To analyze the effectiveness of viral nucleic acid test (NAT) in improving HIV detection in Nanjing. Methods A total of 207 354 blood samples from unpaid blood donors from March 2013 to September 2015 were detected by HIV ELISA and NAT. Blood donors who did not respond to the ELISA test but had a reactive NAT test were followed up. ELISA test reactive (including follow-up test to detect reactivity) specimens sent to Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to confirm the test. Results A total of 195 samples were detected by HIV ELISA in 207 of 354 samples, with a reactivity rate of 0.940 ‰ (195/207 354), a total of 35 reactivities detected by NAT, and a reactivity rate of 0.169 ‰ (35/207 354 ). Three ELISA non-reactive and NAT-reactive specimens were detected, corresponding to blood samples were followed up for blood donors showed ELISA reactivity. All of the ELISA-positive samples confirmed by CDC that 35 samples were HIV-positive. The detection rate of HIV window after ELISA was 1:69 118 (3/207 354). Conclusion The detection of viral nucleic acid can increase the detection rate of HIV and increase the safety of blood transfusion.