本文综述了近年来凝胶渗透色谱在油溶性和水溶性高聚物分子量测定中的应用,着重分析测试条件对水溶性样品分子量的影响并归纳了解决的办法。同时,介绍了配备紫外可见和示差折光检测器、示差和光散射检测器后凝胶色谱的应用。此外,还概述了几种常见高聚物分子量的标定和校准方法,以便多种方法相互验证,得到较准确的分子量值。 This review summarizes the application of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in the determination of molecular weight of oil-soluble and water-soluble polymers in recent years, and focuses on the influence of test conditions on the molecular weight of water-soluble samples and summarizes the solutions. At the same time, the application of gel chromatography with UV-visible and refractive index detectors, differential optical and light scattering detectors is introduced. In addition, several common methodologies for the calibration and calibration of polymer molecular weights are outlined so that multiple methods can be used to validate each other to obtain more accurate molecular weight values.