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目的 探讨医院感染常见病原菌的基因鉴定及分型方法 ,了解其分子流行病学情况。方法 优化了随机扩增多态 DNA指纹技术 (RAPD)的实验条件 ;利用 RAPD技术成功地检测了儿科病房呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV)、脑外科病房铜绿假单胞菌 (PA)及血液病房白色念珠菌 (CA)的医院感染。同时进行了 RSV分离、PA菌和 CA菌培养。结果 构建了金黄色葡萄球菌 (SA )、志贺菌 (SB)、大肠埃希菌 (EC)、肠炎沙门菌 (Salm )、铜绿假单胞菌(PA)、白色念珠菌 (CA) 3、7、11型腺病毒 (Ad3、Ad7、Ad11)、呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV)的图谱 ;用 RAPD法从 76份疑似 RSV医院感染患儿的鼻咽分泌物中分离出 4 9株 RSV,共有 4种基因型 ,R1 型占 4 4株 ,在同一疗区同一时期的 R1 3 8株。RAPD法与分离法比较阳性符合率 10 0 % ,阳性检出率高 ,P<0 .0 1;从 2名脑外科术后感染患者脑脊液及相关标本中检出 PA菌 ;从肿瘤患者化疗后感染血液中检出 CA菌。结论 RAPD技术是检测医院感染灵敏而特异的方法
Objective To investigate the identification and typing of common pathogens in nosocomial infections and to understand the molecular epidemiology. Methods The experimental conditions of random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting (RAPD) were optimized. The RAPD technique was successfully used to detect respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in pediatric wards, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in brain surgery wards and white Candida (CA) hospital infection. At the same time RSV separation, PA bacteria and CA bacteria culture. Results Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Shigella (SB), Escherichia coli (EC), Salmonella enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), Candida albicans (CA) 7, 11 adenoviruses (Ad3, Ad7, Ad11) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). A total of 49 RSV isolates were isolated from the nasopharyngeal secretions of 76 children with suspected RSV nosocomial infection by RAPD Four genotypes, R1 type 4 4 strains, in the same period of the same period of R1 3 8 strains. The positive coincidence rate of RAPD and isolation method was 100%, and the positive detection rate was high (P <0.01). PA was detected in cerebrospinal fluid and related specimens from 2 patients who had been infected by brain surgery. Infected blood detected CA bacteria. Conclusion RAPD is a sensitive and specific method for detecting nosocomial infections