新航路开辟以前,欧人研究、翻译中国文献之事鲜有记载。马可波罗时代的欧洲人,即使对中国有过记载,但所叙述者,乃是中国文化中的形而下者——物质文化,附带一些落后的风俗文化。对于中国文化中的形而上者——精神文化,尤其是体现儒家文化的中国文献,则 Before the opening of the new route, the European studies and translation of Chinese literature were rarely recorded. Even though the European people of Marco Polo ’s era documented the Chinese, they were described as being the “physical” under the Chinese culture - with some backward customs and cultures. For the Chinese metaphysicians in the Chinese culture - the spiritual culture, especially the Chinese literature that embodies Confucianism,