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等离子体破裂是托卡马克运行中几乎不可避免的极快失控事件。为了有效地预防等离子体大破裂,减少破裂频率,托卡马克等离子体大破裂研究在托卡马克物理研究中成为中心课题之一。该文以当今运行的托卡马克提供的相关数据为依据,比较全面系统地分析了托卡马克大破裂的先兆、热猝灭、电流猝灭、垂直位移运动、晕电流和逃逸电子产生等现象及过程,并就预防措施进行了概括的描述。因此,对ITER-FEAT等下一代大型托卡马克的大破裂研究具有积极的意义。同时也为托卡马克等离子体物理和稳态运行奠定了坚实的基础。
Plasma rupture is an almost inevitable spin-off event in tokamak operation. In order to effectively prevent large plasma rupture and reduce the frequency of rupture, the study of tokamak plasma rupture has become one of the central topics in the Tokamak physics research. Based on the related data provided by tokamak, the paper analyzes the phenomena of tokamask large rupture, thermal quenching, current quenching, vertical displacement, halo current and escape electron in a comprehensive and systematic way And process, and gave a general description of preventive measures. Therefore, ITER-FEAT and other next-generation large tokamak large rupture research has a positive meaning. It also laid a solid foundation for tokamak plasma physics and steady-state operation.