自然经济是一种自给自足的经济,劳动产品是在生产它的单位内部直消费掉了,而不通过市场交换。商品经济是通过市场交换的,它是以社会分工的出现与发展为基础。商品经济的发展不断冲击和瓦解着自然经济。商品经济的发展是资本主义萌芽和资本主义生产的前提,但是商品经济的发展能否引导到资本主义,则还要看客观历史条件。在中国封建社会里,小农业和家庭手工业(主要是棉纺织手工业)的紧密结合,构成自然经济的基础。从中国农村手工棉纺织业来看,虽然在鸦片战争前的明清时期,自然经济还占有优 The natural economy is a self-sufficient economy, and the labor product is consumed directly within the unit that produces it, not through market exchange. The commodity economy is exchanged through the market. It is based on the emergence and development of social division of labor. The development of commodity economy constantly impact and collapse of the natural economy. The development of commodity economy is the precondition of the germination of capitalism and the production of capitalism. However, whether the development of commodity economy can lead to capitalism depends on objective historical conditions. In China’s feudal society, the close integration of small-scale farming with family handicrafts (mainly cotton textile handicrafts) constituted the foundation of the natural economy. From the Chinese handicraft cotton textile industry in rural areas, though during the Ming and Qing dynasties before the Opium War, the natural economy still had the advantage