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DNA疫苗自问世以来就显示出传统疫苗无法比拟的优越性,在传染病、肿瘤等众多疾病的预防和治疗方面具有广阔的应用前景。目前制约DNA疫苗发展的因素主要来自两方面:一方面DNA疫苗在临床实验中有时不能有效激发全面的免疫应答,致使免疫效果不佳;另一方面则是DNA疫苗的安全性问题悬而未决。本文中主要从基因整合、生殖毒性、免疫耐受、自身免疫疾病和对环境的扩散等方面对DNA疫苗安全性进行探讨。
DNA vaccine since its inception has shown the superiority of traditional vaccines unmatched in infectious diseases, cancer and other diseases prevention and treatment has broad application prospects. At present, the factors restricting the development of DNA vaccine mainly come from two aspects: on the one hand, DNA vaccines can not effectively stimulate the overall immune response in clinical experiments, resulting in poor immunization effects; on the other hand, the safety of DNA vaccines remains unresolved. In this paper, DNA vaccine safety is discussed in terms of gene integration, reproductive toxicity, immune tolerance, autoimmune diseases and the spread of the environment.