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目的:分析早产儿的胎龄、体重与其发生贫血的关联性。方法:将在阿勒泰地区人民医院出生的90例早产儿作为研究对象。对比不同胎龄、不同体重的早产儿发生贫血的情况及发生贫血后其血红蛋白(Hb)的最低值。结果:与胎龄≤32周的早产儿相比,胎龄为33~35周的早产儿贫血的发生率较低(χ2=4.5396),在发生贫血时其Hb的最低值较高(t=2.4623),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与胎龄为33~35周的早产儿相比,胎龄为36~37周的早产儿贫血的发生率较低(χ2=3.8954),在发生贫血时其Hb的最低值较高(t=4.2330),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与体重<1500 g的早产儿相比,体重为1500~2000 g的早产儿贫血的发生率较低(χ2=10.2121),在发生贫血时其Hb的最低值较高(t=3.1459)。与体重为1500~2000 g的早产儿相比,体重>2000 g的早产儿贫血的发生率较低(χ2=5.1471),在发生贫血时其Hb的最低值较高(t=10.8671),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:胎龄越小、体重越轻的早产儿,其贫血的发生率越高,在发生贫血时其血红蛋白值也越低。胎龄较小与体重较轻是导致早产儿发生贫血的重要影响因素。
Objective: To analyze the association between gestational age, body weight and anemia in preterm infants. Methods: Ninety preterm infants born in the People’s Hospital of Altay Prefecture were enrolled. The incidence of anemia in preterm infants of different gestational ages and different weights was compared with the lowest value of hemoglobin (Hb) after anemia. RESULTS: Preterm infants with gestational age of 33-35 weeks had a lower prevalence of anemia (χ2 = 4.5396) compared with preterm infants <32 weeks of gestational age, and had the lowest Hb at anemia (t = 2.4623), the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of anemia in preterm infants with a gestational age of 36-37 weeks was lower (χ2 = 3.8954) compared to preterm infants with gestational age ranging from 33-35 weeks, with the lowest value of Hb occurring in anemia (t = 4.2330), the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of anemia was lower in preterm infants with a body weight of 1500-2000 g (χ2 = 10.2121) compared with premature infants weighing <1500 g, with the lowest Hb in anemia (t = 3.1459). The prevalence of anemia in preterm infants weighing> 2,000 g was lower (χ2 = 5.1471) compared with preterm infants weighing 1500-2000 g, and the lowest was Hb in the event of anemia (t = 10.8671) All were statistically significant (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Premature babies with smaller gestational age and lighter body weight have a higher incidence of anemia and lower hemoglobin values when anemia occurs. Smaller gestational age and lower body weight are important factors that cause anemia in preterm infants.