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林业苗圃容器育苗采用上方喷灌易造成水分浪费、养分淋溶流失及环境污染。容器苗底部渗灌技术是利用育苗基质毛细管作用从容器下方吸收水分对苗木进行灌溉。该系统由储水箱、水泵、施水槽等设备形成水分封闭回流系统,可实现灌溉水循环利用,是一种有效管理容器苗水肥的方法。文中介绍了容器苗底部渗灌技术形成背景与系统组成,并从苗木质量、水肥利用效率、基质EC值和pH值以及病虫害等方面对容器苗底部渗灌系统进行评述,同时对该技术的深入研究和应用提出了展望。
Forestry nursery container nursery using sprinkler above the water can easily lead to waste, nutrient leaching loss and environmental pollution. At the bottom of container seedling infiltration technology is to use seedling substrate capillarity to absorb moisture from below the container for seedling irrigation. The system consists of water tanks, pumps, water tanks and other equipment to form a closed water flow system, enabling irrigation water recycling, is an effective management of container water and fertilizer methods. In this paper, the forming background and the system composition of the technology of seepage irrigation at the bottom of container seedlings are introduced, and the infiltration system at the bottom of container seedlings is reviewed from the aspects of seedling quality, water and fertilizer use efficiency, substrate EC value and pH value, pests and diseases, etc. Research and application put forward the prospect.