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政治参与即参与的主体依据一定的规则对相关领域中的利益博弈过程施加影响。有序、有效的政治参与需要规则来定义和引导,其伦理规则可以从作为规则的政治参与和政治参与的规则两个方面来理解。作为规则的政治参与是集体行为本身,而政治参与的规则则是调整集体行为的法则。但政治参与的规则并不总是能保证作为规则的参与的有效性,因为即使在规则约束下的政治参与也必须警惕和避免多数人暴政。
The participators of political participation, that is, participation, exert influence on the process of the game of interest in related fields according to certain rules. An orderly and effective political participation requires rules to define and guide. Its ethical rules can be understood from two aspects: political participation as a rule and rules for political participation. Political participation as a rule is the collective act itself, and the rule of political participation is the rule of adjusting the collective action. However, the rules of political participation do not always guarantee the validity of the participation as a rule because even the political participation under the rules must be vigilant and avoid the tyranny of the majority.