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针对镁合金室温下成形性能差的缺点,为了提高其成形性能,采用不需要外部加热而依靠自身摩擦热进行的镁合金摩擦热渐进成形进行研究,介绍了镁合金圆锥盒摩擦热渐进成形的基本原理、工艺路径设计以及成形过程分析。制定了2 mm厚AZ31B镁合金板料成形锥角45°和高度60 mm的圆锥盒形件的工艺方案,选择工具旋转速度为0~6000 r·min~(-1)、进给速度为1000~2000 mm·min~(-1),设计成形工具的运动轨迹之后进行渐进成形工艺实验。实验结果表明,成形高度和进给速度等因素对成形性能的影响较小,而工具转速对成形性能影响较大,转速越高(0~6000 r·min~(-1))则板料与工具摩擦产生的温度就越高。当转速在0~1000 r·min~(-1)或≧1500 r·min~(-1)时,成形不能进行,转速在1000 r·min-1≤ω≤1500 r·min~(-1)时,成形可以顺利进行。因此可以通过控制工具转速所产生的摩擦热有效提高板料的成形性能。
In order to improve the formability of magnesium alloy, the frictional heat progressive forming of magnesium alloy which does not need external heating and rely on its own frictional heat is studied in view of the poor formability of magnesium alloy at room temperature. The basic principle of frictional heat forming of magnesium alloy conical box is introduced Principle, process path design and forming process analysis. The technological scheme of forming a conical box with a taper angle of 45 ° and a height of 60 mm for a 2 mm thick AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet was developed. The rotation speed of the tool was selected from 0 to 6000 r · min -1 and the feed rate was 1000 ~ 2000 mm · min ~ (-1), the progressive forming process experiment was designed after the trajectory of the forming tool was designed. The experimental results show that the forming height and feed rate have little influence on the formability and the tool speed has a great influence on the formability. The higher the speed (0 ~ 6000 r · min -1) Tool friction produces higher temperatures. When the rotation speed is 0 ~ 1000 r · min -1 or ≧ 1500 r · min -1, the forming can not be carried out at the speed of 1000 r · min -1 ≤ ω ≤ 1500 r · min -1 ), The forming can be carried out smoothly. Therefore, it is possible to effectively improve the formability of the sheet by controlling the frictional heat generated by the speed of the tool.