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本试验旨在研究发酵小麦制酒精沼渣对生长肥育猪生长性能、血清生化指标和肉品质的影响。选用128头体重为40 kg左右的“杜×长×大”杂交猪,根据性别随机分为4个组,每组4个重复,每个重复8头猪(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1、2和3组饲粮分别用5%、10%和15%发酵小麦制酒精沼渣替代基础饲粮中的部分豆粕。预试期7 d,试验期60 d,分为前期(1~30 d)和后期(31~60 d)2个阶段。结果表明:1)试验前期,各组生长肥育猪的生长性能指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验后期,试验1、2和3组的平均日增重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),分别增加了16.47%、25.88%和20.00%,且试验2组的平均日增重极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);试验1、2和3组的平均日采食量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);而各组的料重比无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验全期,试验2和3组的平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)饲粮中添加发酵小麦制酒精沼渣对生长肥育猪的血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性以及总蛋白(TP)、尿素氮(UN)含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)饲粮中添加发酵小麦制酒精沼渣对生长肥育猪背最长肌的p H1 h、亮度(L*)、红度(a*)、黄度(b*)、滴水损失、蒸煮损失、剪切力、硬度、弹性、内聚性、回复性以及肌内脂肪含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。试验1和2组背最长肌中苏氨酸、赖氨酸、脯氨酸、非必需氨基酸和总氨基酸含量显著高于对照组和试验3组(P<0.05),试验2组的谷氨酸、试验1组的甘氨酸以及试验1和2组的丝氨酸、丙氨酸含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加发酵小麦制酒精沼渣对生长肥育猪背最长肌中脂肪酸含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。结果提示,饲粮中添加5%和10%发酵小麦制酒精沼渣能提高生长肥育猪的平均日增重和平均日采食量,并可提高部分鲜味氨基酸的含量,进而改善肉的风味。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fermented wheat alcohol biogas residue on the growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and meat quality of growing finisher pigs. A total of 128 “Du × L × L” hybrid pigs weighing about 40 kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups according to their sex, with 4 replicates in each group. ). The control group was fed the basal diet. The first, second, and third groups of diets were fed with 5%, 10% and 15% fermented wheat alcohol biogas residues, respectively, to replace part of the soybean meal in the basal diet. The pre-trial period was 7 days and the trial period was 60 days. The trial period was divided into two stages: pre-stage (1 ~ 30 days) and post-stage (31 ~ 60 days). The results showed that: 1) There was no significant difference in the growth performance between the growing and finishing pigs in each group (P> 0.05). At the end of the experiment, the average daily gain of groups 1, 2 and 3 were significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05), increased by 16.47%, 25.88% and 20.00%, respectively, and the average daily gain was significantly higher (P <0.01). The average daily feed intake of groups 1, 2 and 3 were significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05), while the feed-to-weight ratio of each group was not significantly different (P> 0.05) . During the whole experiment, the average daily gain of experimental groups 2 and 3 were significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). (2) No significant effect on ALT, AST and total protein (TP) and urea nitrogen (UN) content in the finishing pigs was observed when the fermented wheat residue was added into the diets > 0.05). 3) The p H1 h, the lightness (L *), redness (a *), yellowness (b *), drip loss, cooking loss , Shear force, hardness, elasticity, cohesion, recovery and intramuscular fat content (P> 0.05). The contents of threonine, lysine, proline, nonessential amino acids and total amino acids in the longest muscle of the back of test groups 1 and 2 were significantly higher than those of the control group and the test group 3 (P <0.05) The contents of acid, glycine in test group 1, and serine and alanine in test groups 1 and 2 were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05). There was no significant effect on the fatty acid content of the longest muscle in the pigs fed with diets supplemented with fermented wheat biogas residue (P> 0.05). The results suggest that adding 5% and 10% fermented wheat alcohol biogas residue to the diet can increase the average daily gain and the average daily feed intake of the growing finisher and increase the content of some umami amino acids, thereby improving the flavor of the meat .