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明渠冰盖下流动的综合糙率nc是确定冰期水位和流量关系的关键参数,本文根据冰盖区和床面区的边界条件和流量的连续性条件提出了通用的综合糙率公式,研究了冰盖下一般矩形明渠和宽浅明渠流速分布及流速比a对综合糙率nc的影响,在此基础上,计算分析比较了通用综合糙率公式、Einstein公式、Belokon-Sabaneev公式和Larsen公式的差异和使用条件,结果表明:对于宽深比b/H较小的矩形明渠,采用Belokon-Sabaneev公式将产生很大的计算偏差,Larsen公式只适合宽浅明渠,而Einstein公式是通用综合糙率公式的最好近似,推荐在工程设计中采用。
The comprehensive roughness nc of flow under the open channel ice cap is the key parameter to determine the relation between the water level and the flow rate in ice age. Based on the boundary conditions of ice sheet and bed area and the continuity of flow conditions, Under the ice cap, the influence of general flow rate distribution and flow rate ratio a on the comprehensive roughness nc was studied. Based on this, the general synthetic roughness formula, Einstein’s formula, Belokon-Sabaneev’s formula and Larsen’s formula The results show that the Belzon-Sabaneev formula will produce a large calculation deviation for a rectangular open channel with a smaller width / depth ratio b / H, and the Larsen formula is only suitable for a wide-open channel. The Einstein formula is a generalized comprehensive roughness The best approximation of the formula is recommended for use in engineering design.