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【目的】筛选对荷花腐败病菌有较强拮抗作用的生防菌,为荷花的健康生产及荷花腐败病的有效控制提供参考。【方法】采用抑菌圈法和对峙培养法从106株供试拮抗细菌中筛选对荷花腐败病菌有较强拮抗作用的生防菌,经形态学、生理生化和分子鉴定确定生防菌分类地位,通过与其他6种作物病原真菌的对峙培养了解生防菌的抑菌谱,并通过田间小区试验明确生防菌的田间防治效果。【结果】从供试的106株测试菌株中筛选获得4株对荷花腐败病菌具有拮抗效果的生防菌,其中以DR1菌株的拮抗效果最佳,抑菌带宽为9.8 mm。DR1菌株的拮抗谱较宽,对供试6种植物病原真菌均具有良好的抑制活性。田间防效试验结果表明,DR1菌株对荷花腐败病的平均防效为41.83%。根据16S r DNA和gyr B基因序列分析结果并其结合生理生化特征,将DR1菌株鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。【结论】解淀粉芽孢杆菌的拮抗活性、耐热性和抗逆性强,且有较宽的抗菌谱,在荷花病害防治中具有较好的开发应用前景。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to screen out biocontrol bacteria which have a strong antagonistic effect on the spoilage of lotus flower and provide reference for the healthy production of lotus flower and the effective control of lotus flower rot disease. 【Method】 The biocontrol microbes with strong antagonistic activity against spoilage pathogen of Lotus flower were screened from 106 antagonistic bacteria by inhibition zone method and confrontation culture method. The biocontrol bacteria were identified by morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular identification , Through the confrontation with other 6 kinds of crop pathogenic fungi to understand the antimicrobial spectrum of biocontrol bacteria, and field experiments to determine the field of biocontrol efficacy of field control. 【Result】 Four strains of antagonistic fungi with antagonistic effect against D. faecalis were screened from 106 tested strains. Among them, DR1 strains showed the best antagonistic effect with an antibacterial bandwidth of 9.8 mm. The antagonistic spectrum of DR1 strain was wide and had good inhibitory activity against six plant pathogenic fungi tested. The results of field control experiments showed that the average control effect of DR1 strain on lotus flower rot disease was 41.83%. The DR1 strain was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on the results of sequence analysis of 16S r DNA and gyr B genes and their combination of physiological and biochemical characteristics. 【Conclusion】 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has strong antagonistic activity, heat tolerance and resistance, and has a wide range of antibacterial spectrum, which has a good prospect of development and application in the prevention and control of lotus diseases.