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光绪二十一年三月二十三日李鸿章在《马关条约》上签字画押。①条约规定,从签画到换约,限期二十一日,即截止四月十四日夜十二点钟,“两帝国政府彼此不允批准和约,无庸告知,即将此约作为废止”②。这短暂的21天为清政府的换约决策提供了思考的时间。其间,清廷一度谕令前敌主帅刘
On March 23, Emperor Guangxu, Li Hung-chang signed a petition on the “Treaty of Shimonoseki.” ① The treaty stipulates that from the signature to the contractual change, the deadline of the deadline is 21, that is, at 12 o’clock on the night of April 14, "the two imperial governments refuse to ratify the peace treaty with each other. This short 21 days provided time for thinking about the Qing government’s contractual transfer decision. In the meantime, the Qing court ordered the former coach Liu