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介绍自行研制的10cm×10cm单体熔融碳酸盐燃料电池（molten carbonate fuel cells，MCFC）的实验研究结果，并以自制单电池稳定放电实验数据为基础，分析拟合出电池电流密度一电压问的线性关系，计算出当前工艺水平电池的单位面积有效阻抗。结合理论分析建立相应的数学模型，利用数值模拟方法预测对比相同结构的1m×1mMCFC单电池局部温度、电流密度和氢气浓度等关键参数的分布状况，阴、阳极气流采用叉流、顺流和逆流3种组织型式。模拟计算结果表明：叉流型局部最高温度值最大，容易产生热点，逆流反应最激烈，局部电流密度的跨度范围最大，顺流局部温度与电流密度分布最均匀。“,”The experiment result of a self-developed 10 cm×10 cm single MCFC were presented. Moreover, a linear fitting for the cell current-density and voltage according to experiment data was performed, and the effective resistance per area of MCFC using current level electrode and matrix was obtained. A numerical model was developed based on physical and chemical laws, and it was employed to simulate two-dimensional crucial parameters （e.g., temperature, Hydrogen concentration, and current density） distribution across the 1 mxl m single MCFC with the same active components in three different flow manifolds. The simulation result shows that the local temperature of cross-flow is the highest among the three flow manifolds, located near the intersection of anode gas outlet and cathode gas outlet, so a hot point is produced easily in cross-flow; the counter-flow electrochemical reaction is so intense that the local current density distribution is non-consistent severely; the local temperature and current density distribution of co-flow are both consistent.