提高冬小麦品种对病害的综合抗病性是育种的迫切问题之一。这个问题在北高加索具有特殊的意义。在那里,小麦最重要的病害是锈病(叶锈、条锈和秆锈)和白粉病。叶锈病经常发生流行,因此,培育抗叶锈的品种是非常重要的。但是,抗叶锈育种比较复杂,因为叶锈菌夏孢子在那里能很好地越冬,在流行的年份能产生多少世代尚不明确。此外,在它的群体中经常发生生理小种组成的变化。 Increasing the comprehensive disease resistance of winter wheat varieties is one of the urgent problems of breeding. This issue has a special significance in the North Caucasus. There, the most important diseases of wheat are rust (leaf rust, stripe rust and stem rust) and powdery mildew. Leaf rust is a common occurrence and therefore, it is important to develop a variety that is resistant to leaf rust. However, leaf rust breeding is more complicated because the summer spores of leaf rust can survive well in winter, and how many generations can be produced in the popular year is unclear. In addition, changes in the racial composition are frequent in its population.