在村庄生活的视角下,村委会选举呈现出成文规则被闲置、人情掩盖下的贿选、“终生制”或者“世袭”以及难以择出理想人选等问题。这些问题有其内生逻辑,具体表现为以“半熟人社会”为舞台,以“我们”的规则为脚本,以维护既定格局为导向。这些问题的解决,需要推动社会由人情关系向契约关系转型,推动观念由私人本位到公共本位革新,并推动制度由嵌入到内生变革。 From the perspective of village life, the election of villagers’ committees presents such problems as the lack of written rules, bribery under the cover of human beings, “life-time system ” or “hereditary ”, and the difficulty in choosing the ideal candidates. These questions have their endogenous logic, which is embodied in the stage of “semi-acquaintance society ” and the rule of “us ” as the script, with the purpose of safeguarding the established pattern. The solution to these problems needs to push society to transform from human relations to contractual relations, to promote the idea from the private standard to the public standard, and promote the system from embedding to endogenous change.