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景观连接度被认为是影响诸多生态过程的一个重要因素.基于最小累积阻力模型的最小成本路径识别方法可以有效识别异质性景观中的功能连接,已被广泛应用到景观的功能连接评价与生态廊道模拟的研究中.基于电路理论的连接度模型用电阻代替了图论中的边、用电阻距离代替成本距离,来衡量异质性景观的功能连接.本文以SIMMAP 2.0软件生成的模拟景观为对象,借助于Linkage Mapper工具和Circuitscape软件,探讨如何将最小累积阻力模型与基于电路理论的连接度模型相结合来识别生态廊道及其景观要素的相对重要性.结果表明:两种模型在应用中各有优势,互为补充.最小成本路径方法可以有效识别栖息地之间的最小成本廊道,基于电路理论的连接度模型通过电流密度的计算可以有效识别对景观连接性有重要影响的景观要素和“夹点”地区,并且“夹点”的位置不受廊道宽度的影响,在廊道重要性识别研究中具有明显优势.该方法可为区域生态保护规划和生态廊道设计提供科学依据.
Landscape connectivity is considered to be an important factor affecting many ecological processes.Minimum cost path identification based on minimum cumulative resistance model can effectively identify functional connections in heterogeneous landscapes and has been widely applied to landscape functional connectivity evaluation and ecology In the research of corridor simulation, the connectivity model based on circuit theory replaces the edges in graph theory with resistance, and substitutes the cost distance with the resistance distance to measure the functional connection of heterogeneous landscape.In this paper, SIMMAP 2.0 software is used to simulate the landscape As the object, with the help of Linkage Mapper tool and Circuitscape software, it explores how to combine the minimum cumulative resistance model with the theoretical model based on the circuit theory to identify the relative importance of the ecological corridor and its landscape elements.The results show that: Each application has its advantages and complements each other.Minimum cost path method can effectively identify the minimum cost corridor between habitats, and the connection degree model based on circuit theory can effectively identify the impact on the landscape connectivity by calculating the current density Landscape features and “pinch ” area, and “pinch ” position is not affected by the corridor width Impact study has obvious advantages in recognition of the importance of the corridor. This method can provide a scientific basis for regional ecological conservation planning and ecological corridor design.