日本在20世纪60年代实施的“国民收入倍增计划”有效破解了当时社会所面临的内需不足、国民收入较低、地区间以及企业间发展不均衡等经济问题,实现了“国强民富”。该计划对解决中国收入分配调整问题、实现居民收入倍增具有重要的参考和借鉴意义。在详解“国民收入倍增计划”出台时的国内外历史背景,从决策指导思想、决策目标、决策组织等诸方面逐层剖析决策过程中的各项决策要素,并结合中国当前的经济形势分析“国民收入倍增计划”的核心内容和实施路径的基础上,对中国实现居民收入倍增提出了在指导思想上贯彻经济增长和社会福利平衡发展的理念、在决策组织上集思广益并设置各种专家委员会、在实施路径上借鉴日本行之有效的策略等政策性建议。 In the 1960s, Japan implemented the Double-National Income Doubling Plan, which effectively solved the economic problems such as insufficient domestic demand, low national income, unbalanced development among different regions and between enterprises, and realized “ Min Fu ”. The plan is of great reference and reference for solving the adjustment of income distribution in China and realizing the double income of residents. In explaining the historical background both at home and abroad when the “National Income Doubled Plan” is introduced, the various decision-making elements in the process of decision-making are analyzed in layers from the guiding ideology of decision-making, the objectives of decision-making, and the organization of decision-making. In combination with the current economic situation in China Based on the analysis of the core content and implementation path of “National Revenue Doubled Plan”, this paper puts forward the idea of ​​implementing the balanced development of economic growth and social welfare on the guiding ideology, doubling the income of China and setting up Experts Committee of the kind, in the implementation of the path to learn from Japan’s effective strategy and other policy recommendations.