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目的了解职业性苯所致白血病的临床特征。方法对52例职业性苯所致白血病的分型、分布、临床和实验室特征进行回顾性分析。结果 52例职业性苯所致白血病例平均发病年龄为(31.65±8.22)岁,平均接苯工龄(4.66±3.92)年,平均潜隐期为(5.09±4.30)年。71.15%为急性白血病,急性髓细胞白血病多见。临床表现为乏力38例,出血21例,发热13例.脾大21例,胸骨压痛18例,淋巴结肿大9例,肝大7例,髓外浸润较常见。实验室检查贫血47例,外周血出现幼稚细胞者50例,PLT偏低36例,PLT数量与出血之间呈负相关关系,骨髓增生活跃51例,骨髓粒、红、巨核三系均有不同程度的病态造血表现。结论苯所致白血病发病隐匿,临床类型多样。了解其的特点,有利于对疾病的诊治。
Objective To understand the clinical characteristics of occupational benzene-induced leukemia. Methods 52 cases of occupational benzene-induced leukemia, type, distribution, clinical and laboratory features were retrospectively analyzed. Results The average age of onset of leukemia in 52 cases of benzene was (31.65 ± 8.22) years, with a mean of 4.66 ± 3.92 years of benzene treatment and an average latent period of (5.09 ± 4.30) years. 71.15% of acute leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia more common. Clinical manifestations of 38 cases of fatigue, hemorrhage in 21 cases, fever in 13. Spleen 21 cases, 18 cases of tender sternal, swollen lymph nodes in 9 cases, 7 cases of liver, extramedullary infiltration is more common. There were 47 cases of anemia in laboratory and 50 cases of naive cells in peripheral blood. The PLT was low in 36 cases. There was a negative correlation between the number of PLT and hemorrhage, and 51 cases of bone marrow hyperplasia. The degree of morbid hematopoietic performance. Conclusion Benzene-induced leukemia occult occult, clinical types and diverse. Know its characteristics, is conducive to the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.