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在铝型材挤压生产过程中,模具结构参数的设计及工艺参数的选择直接影响铝型材的质量。采用有限元的ANSYS软件对某高速列车车壁复杂薄壁空心型材的挤压过程进行了数值模拟,系统地研究了铝材在模具型腔内的流动规律和变形机理,获得了模具结构参数和工艺参数对挤压成形过程的影响规律。通过分析,提出了增设阻流坎和二级焊合室的优化设计方案。经过对比试验,发现优化后的模具结构有效地解决了初始模具中的速度分布不均的问题,其所生产的铝型材截面上的应力分布和温度分布更加均匀,焊缝质量比用初始模具生产的型材的焊缝质量有明显的改善。
In the aluminum extrusion production process, the design of mold structure parameters and the choice of process parameters directly affect the quality of aluminum. The finite element software ANSYS was used to simulate the extrusion process of the thin wall hollow profile of a high-speed train car. The flow rule and deformation mechanism of aluminum in the mold cavity were studied systematically. Influence of Process Parameters on Extrusion Process. Through the analysis, proposed an additional design of the flow block and the second welding chamber optimization design. After comparative tests, the optimized mold structure is found to effectively solve the problem of uneven distribution of speed in the initial mold. The stress distribution and the temperature distribution on the aluminum section produced by the optimized mold structure are more uniform, and the quality of the weld is better than that of the initial mold The profile of the weld quality has been significantly improved.