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为了解大连市皮口海域口虾蛄Oratosquilla oratoria群体的繁殖生物学特征,于2014年5月—2015年4月,每月中旬对皮口海域口虾蛄群体进行随机取样,采用组织学和电镜技术对其性腺发育规律和生殖细胞发生过程进行了初步研究。结果表明:除7月份以外,其他月份的雌、雄口虾蛄比例与期望值1∶1之间均无显著性差异(χ2=0.500,P>0.05);口虾蛄雌、雄性比为0.79~1.34,全年雌、雄性比平均为1.04±0.05,雌、雄性腺周年发育变化趋势类似,雄性发育略快,性成熟高峰期均有2个,雌性在5月和11月达性成熟高峰期,而雄性在4月和11月达性成熟高峰期;口虾蛄卵子发生过程分为卵原细胞、初级卵母细胞、次级卵母细胞、卵黄形成前期细胞、卵黄形成期细胞、早期成熟期卵细胞和成熟期卵细胞,卵巢发育分为未发育时期、卵母细胞期、生长前期、生长中期、生长后期、成熟前期、成熟期和恢复期;精子的发生过程分为精原细胞、精母细胞和精子,精巢发育分为精原细胞期、精母细胞期、早期精子期和精子期。本研究结果可为口虾蛄繁殖生物学的深入研究奠定理论基础,并为早日实现口虾蛄栖息地养护及人工增养殖提供参考。
In order to understand the reproductive biology characteristics of Oratosquilla oratoria population in Pikou sea area of Dalian, random sampling was conducted on the population of Mysis shrimp from the period of May 2014 to April 2015 in the middle of each month. Histology and electron microscopy Technology on its gonadal development and germ cell initiation process were studied. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the proportions of female and male shrimp in other months except for July and the expected value of 1: 1 (χ2 = 0.500, P> 0.05) 1.34, the annual average of males and females was 1.04 ± 0.05. The development trend of glandular gyms in female and male was similar, the growth rate of males was slightly faster than that of males, and there were 2 males in sexual maturity. The females reached the peak of sexual maturity in May and November , While the male reached the peak of sexual maturity in April and November. The process of oogenesis was divided into oogonia, primary oocyte, secondary oocyte, yolk-forming cell, yolk-forming cell and early maturation Ovary development is divided into the undeveloped period, the oocyte stage, the pre-growth stage, the mid-growth stage, the late growth stage, the pre-mature stage, the mature stage and the recovery stage. The process of spermatogenesis is divided into spermatogonia, Cells and sperm, testis development is divided into spermatogonium, spermatocyte, early sperm and sperm stage. The results of this study can lay a theoretical foundation for in-depth study of reproductive biology and provide reference for the early habitat conservation and artificial breeding of Manta shrimp.