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目的掌握四川省德昌县艾滋病流行状况,为制订防控措施提供准确依据。方法利用流行病学方法分析德昌县艾滋病疫情资料。结果自1995年该县报告首例艾滋病感染者至2014-12-31该县共报告艾滋病感染者/患者744例,年均报告发病率37.16/10万,2008-2010年报告发病率呈快速增长趋势,2010年以后持续在较高的发病率水平;男性发病率高于女性,男女性别比为2.49∶1;年龄分布20~45岁青壮年占68.78%,55~75岁老年占28.24%,两个年龄段合计占病例报告总数97.02%;农民、不详、家务家政及待业、其他及民工5项职业HIV/AIDS报告发病数居前5位,占94.54%。家庭妇女及儿童中均有病例发现;汉族、彝族分别占54.2%、43.14%,傈僳族、回族均有病例报告;2008年以前德昌县艾滋病的传播途径以注射毒品为主,从2009年开始,异性传播感染例数已超过注射毒品传播感染例数,并且逐年增长,2014年异性传播占传播途径的构成比已达到94%,是德昌县艾滋病的主要传播途径。异性传播中有61例夫妻间家庭式感染病例,另外还有5例母婴传播病例。结论德昌县艾滋病疫情目前处于艾滋病感染较高的增长水平,艾滋病有扩散蔓延的趋势。艾滋病的传播途径已从最初的注射毒品为主转变为性传播为主。
Objective To grasp the epidemic situation of AIDS in Dechang County, Sichuan Province and provide an accurate basis for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze AIDS epidemic data in Dechang County. Results The county reported the first case of HIV infection in 1995 to 2014-12-31 The county reported a total of 744 cases of HIV / AIDS patients with an annual average incidence rate of 37.16 / 100,000 and a rapid increase in 2008-2010 The prevalence of males and females was 2.49:1. The age distribution of males and females aged 20-45 accounted for 68.78% and that of 55-75 years old accounted for 28.24% The two age groups together accounted for 97.02% of the total number of case reports; the top five were HIV / AIDS reports of peasants, unknown, domestic workers and unemployed, others and migrant workers, accounting for 94.54%. Cases of domestic women and children were found. Han and Yi people accounted for 54.2% and 43.14% of the cases respectively. Cases of Lisu and Hui were reported. Before 2008, HIV / AIDS transmission in Dechang County was dominated by injecting drugs. Since 2009, The number of heterosexual transmission cases has exceeded the number of cases of injecting drug-infected infections and has been increasing year by year. In 2014, the proportion of heterosexual transmission in transmission routes has reached 94%, which is the main route of AIDS transmission in Dechang County. Heterosexual transmission of 61 cases of family-type infections between husband and wife, in addition to 5 cases of mother-to-child transmission. Conclusion The epidemic situation of AIDS in Dechang County is currently at a relatively high level of HIV / AIDS infection with AIDS spreading and spreading. The transmission of AIDS has shifted from the initial injection of drugs to the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases.