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目的探讨脑梗死后神经功能缺损程度（ＮＤ）与血管性痴呆（ＶＤ）发生的关系。方法对４３例脑梗死、３３例有脑卒中危险因素病人和３０例年龄匹配正常人进行简易智力状态试验（ＭＭＳＥ）、认知能力筛选试验（ＣＣＳＥ）和听觉ＥＲＰ测试。结果脑梗死组ＭＭＳＥ、ＣＣＳＥ和ＥＲＰ的Ｎ２和Ｐ３峰潜伏期（ＰＬ）均与危险因素组和正常对照组有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），后两组的Ｎ２ＰＬ和Ｐ３ＰＬ亦有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。轻度和中度脑梗死组的ＭＭＳＥ和ＣＣＳＥ得分无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），但两组间Ｐ３ＰＬ差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），而且ＮＤ得分与Ｐ３ＰＬ呈显著正相关（ｒ ＝０．３７３，Ｐ＜０．０２）。脑梗死组ＭＭＳＥ、ＣＣＳＥ和Ｐ３ＰＬ和异常率分别为２１％、３７％和４９％３者之间的差异均有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。脑梗死的部位的数量对ＭＭＳＥ、ＣＣＳＥ、ＥＲＰ和Ｐ３ＰＬ未见明显影响。结论ＮＤ与卒中后认知障碍有关，与Ｐ３ＰＬ呈显著正相关，脑梗死灶的部位、数量在ＶＤ的发生中作用不大。
Objective To investigate the relationship between neurological deficit (ND) and vascular dementia (VD) after cerebral infarction. Methods MMSE, CCSE and auditory ERP were tested in 43 patients with cerebral infarction, 33 patients with risk factors for stroke and 30 age-matched normal controls. Results The MMSE, CCSE and ERP of cerebral infarction group had significant difference in N2 and P3 peak latency (PL) with risk factor group and normal control group (P <0.01), N2PL and P3PL in the latter two groups were also significant Difference (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between MMSE and CCSE scores in mild and moderate cerebral infarction group (P> 0.05), but P3PL was significantly different between the two groups (P <0.01), and ND score was positively correlated with P3PL r = 0.373, P <0.02). The difference of MMSE, CCSE, P3PL and abnormal rate in cerebral infarction group was 21%, 37% and 49% respectively (P <0.05). The number of cerebral infarction sites had no significant effect on MMSE, CCSE, ERP and P3PL. Conclusions ND is related to cognitive impairment after stroke and has a significant positive correlation with P3PL. The number and location of ND in cerebral infarction have little effect on the occurrence of VD.