本文对我院１９８３～１９９５年间收治的２３６８例新生儿患者中的５３例死亡病例的临床资料进行回顾性分析：其中足月儿与早产儿的死亡率分别为１１７％、１２３３％。体重≥２５００ｇ与＜２５００ｇ的低体重儿死亡率分别为０９６％、１１９６％，＜１５００ｇ的极低体重儿死亡率为１００％。出生日龄≤７天围产期新生儿死亡３７例，占死亡病例的６９８１％，提示早产儿、低体重儿及日龄≤７天的新生儿病死率较高。死亡原因：以呼吸系统占首位，其次为早产儿、极低体重儿、先天畸形。 In this paper, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 53 deaths among 2368 newborns admitted to our hospital from 1983 to 1995. The mortality rates of term infants and premature infants were 117% and 1233% respectively, . Mortality rates of low-birth-weight infants weighing> 2500 g and <2500 g were 096% and 1196%, respectively. The mortality rate for very low birth weight infants (<1500g) was 100%. Thirty-seven newborns died at or below 7 days of birth, accounting for 6981% of all deaths, indicating a higher case fatality rate in neonates with preterm infants, low birth weight infants and those less than 7 days old. Causes of death: the respiratory system, followed by premature children, very low birth weight children, congenital malformations.