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黄酮类化合物是一类广泛存在于各种植物中的多酚化合物,生理活性广泛,毒副作用少。实验研究表明黄酮类化合物具有抗氧化、清除自由基、抗炎、调节血脂、减轻心血管损伤和抑制血小板聚集等多种生物活性和药理作用,可以有效降低心脑血管疾病发生和死亡的风险。黄酮类化合物防治心脑血管疾病的机制主要有提高超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶等抗氧化酶活力,抑制脂质过氧化,减少细胞黏附分子表达,下调炎症细胞因子和激活Nrf2/血红素加氧酶、PI3K-Akt和转录因子-κB等信号转导通路等。本文简要总结黄酮类化合物调控心脑血管系统的最新进展,为以黄酮类化合物为药效成分的新药开发和临床应用提供参考。
Flavonoids are a class of polyphenols compounds widely found in various plants with wide range of physiological activities and few side effects. Experimental studies have shown that flavonoids with a variety of biological activity and pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidation, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, cardiovascular injury and inhibition of platelet aggregation can effectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The mechanism of flavonoids in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are mainly to increase antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, inhibit lipid peroxidation, reduce the expression of cell adhesion molecules, Downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and activation of Nrf2 / heme oxygenase, PI3K-Akt and transcription factor-κB signal transduction pathway. This article briefly summarizes the recent advances in the regulation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems by flavonoids and provides a reference for the development and clinical application of new drugs based on flavonoids.