In-situ overexpressed hydrogen peroxide could serve as a biomarker for inflammation and ischemic kidney injury.Herein,a nanoprobe was developed for assay of hydrogen peroxide.The nanoprobe(TA-TPABQ)was formed via the boronate ester groups between the hydrophilic tannic acid and the boric-acid-containing compound(TPABQ)as well as the hydrophobic interactions.The probe with good pho-tostability shows good sensitivity and selectivity towards H2O2.The probe was adopted for identifying endogenous and exogenous H2O2 in living cells.Moreover,the probe was utilized for in vivo imaging experiments in acute abdomina and ankle inflammation mouse models as well as acute renal ische-mia mouse model.