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根据热力学第二定律,将单耗分析理论应用于原油管道的输送过程,提出了原油管输过程的压憥单耗、热憥单耗以及附加单耗的值和费用的计算方法,并通过系统单因素敏感性分析方法,以大庆某油田管道为例,从温度、压力和输量3个方面分析原油管道单耗随不同影响因素的变化规律,进而确定原油管输过程最优的温度、压力和输量。研究结果表明:随着出站温度的增加,总憥单耗费用先减小后增大,在出站温度为339K时达到最优;随着出站压力的增加,压憥单耗费用逐渐增大,热憥单耗费用逐渐减小,总憥单耗费用逐渐增大,出站压力应取输送工艺要求下的最小值;随着输量的增加,总憥单耗费用先减小后增大,在输量为35 m3/h时达到最优。
According to the second law of thermodynamics, the theory of unit consumption analysis is applied to the transportation of crude oil pipeline, and the calculation methods of pressure consumption, heat consumption and additional unit cost and cost of crude oil pipeline transportation are put forward. Taking the pipeline of Daqing oilfield as an example, the single factor sensitivity analysis method is used to analyze the variation law of unit consumption of crude oil pipeline with different influencing factors from three aspects of temperature, pressure and output, and then to determine the optimal temperature and pressure And the volume. The results show that with the increase of outlet temperature, the total unit consumption cost decreases first and then increases and reaches the optimal value when the outlet temperature is 339K. With the increase of outlet pressure, the unit consumption cost of pressure increase gradually Large, hot 憥 unit cost gradually reduced, the total unit cost increases gradually, the station pressure should be taken under the minimum delivery process requirements; with the increase in output, the total cost of unit costs first reduced after the increase Large, optimal at a throughput of 35 m3 / h.