在讨论本文所选主题时,首先不免要谈谈“斯堪的纳维亚现实主义”(现实主义,一译实在主义——译者)这个既暖昧又自命不凡的术语。因为斯堪的纳维亚各国主要是——且不说完全是——在以此术语命名的运动的旗帜下,已经对现代法学思想的发展作出有国际影响的贡献的。不过,由于几个原因,这个术语并不很中肯。首先,它只用来指许多法学家在通常 In discussing the topics selected in this article, it is inevitable at the outset to talk about the ambiguous and pretentious terminology of “Scandinavian realism” (realism, translator-translator). For the Scandinavian countries are largely, and not entirely, under the banner of the movement named after this term, to have made an internationally influential contribution to the development of modern jurisprudence. However, this term is not very pertinent for several reasons. First of all, it is used only to refer to many jurists in general