烃类垂向运移是一个复杂的地质地球化学过程 ,严格受边界条件控制 ,在地质历史上具有一定的阶段性。水文地球化学指标表明 :地下水矿化度的梯度变化及离子组合改变等都因油气垂向微运移所致。油气垂向微运移还使得轻烃组分、芳烃荧光强度发生规律性的变化 :从储层到盖层 ,分子量和分子半径小的轻烃相对富集 ,不同波长段的芳烃荧光强度显著降低。另外 ,深部油气藏与地表的甲烷碳同位素值基本一致 ,也说明了油气的确存在垂向微运移。因油气垂向微运移具有阶段性和间歇性等特点 ,所以在化探指标柱状图上 ,地化指标常出现多个由高→低或由低→高的旋回 Hydrocarbon vertical migration is a complex geological geochemical process, strictly controlled by the boundary conditions, in the geological history of a certain stage. Hydrogeochemical indicators show that the gradient of mineralization of groundwater and the change of ion combination are all caused by the vertical micro-migration of oil and gas. Vertical micro-migration of oil and gas also led to a regular change in the fluorescence intensity of light hydrocarbon components and aromatics. From the reservoir to the cap layer, the light hydrocarbons with small molecular weight and molecular radius were relatively enriched, and the fluorescence intensity of aromatics at different wavelengths was significantly decreased . In addition, the δ13C values ​​of the deep reservoirs and the surface are basically the same, which also shows that there is indeed vertical micro-migration of oil and gas. Due to the periodic and intermittent characteristics of vertical micro-migration of oil and gas, so in the geochemical index histogram, the geochemical indicators often appear from high to low or from low to high cycle