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众所周知,直升机最为显著的特征,就是它的头顶上有一副可以旋转的翼面,旋翼一般由2-8片桨叶构成,这就是通常我们所说的“旋翼”。旋翼好像一副能够划动空气的螺旋桨,当旋翼由发动机通过传动装置带动旋转起来以后,翼面便与空气发生相对运动,从而获得了直升机赖以升空的空气动力。就在旋翼转动的同时,高速划过空气的旋翼要受到空气的气动阻力,这种阻力需要由发动机产生的正向作用力矩(和旋翼旋转方向相同)来抵消,在发动机向旋翼输出正向力矩(或称扭矩)的同时,发动机自身也承受了旋翼对其施加的反向扭矩,这一扭矩会由发动机传递给直升机的机体。想想看,如果这一反扭矩不加干预,那么直升机机身就会在这一扭矩的作用下不停地逆旋翼转动方向发生旋转,驾驶员也就无法进行操作,直升机除了悬在空中陀螺一样地转圈外,无法承担任何工作。
As we all know, the most notable characteristic of a helicopter is that it has a rotatable airfoil on the top of its head. The rotor is usually composed of 2-8 blades, which is what we usually call the “rotor”. The rotor looks like a propeller that can move the air. When the rotor is rotated by the engine through the transmission, the airfoil will move relative to the airfoil to obtain the aerodynamic force that the helicopter will lift off. Just as the rotor rotates, the high-speed rotor that traverses the air is subject to the aerodynamic drag of the air, which is counteracted by the positive torque generated by the engine (in the same direction as the rotation of the rotor). When the engine outputs positive torque to the rotor (Or torque) at the same time, the engine itself also bear the reverse torque applied by the rotor, the torque will be transmitted from the engine to the helicopter body. Think about it, if the anti-torque without intervention, then the helicopter will be under the influence of this torque in the direction of reverse rotation of the rotor rotation, the driver will not be able to operate, in addition to hanging helicopters in the sky gyro Like a circle outside, can not afford any work.