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氮和磷是构成植物体的重要成分,土壤中氮磷养分供应不足,就要影响植物体的蛋白质、叶绿素、维生素、酶、核蛋白、核酸及磷脂等的形成,因之造成不良的生长和发育。蛋白质、氨基酸的形成,氨基的更新与转移,是在糖的产生与酵解基础上实现的,这些过程都有磷的参与,因此植物营养中氮与磷的关系是密切的。通常认为植物体内氮与磷的关系是三与一之比。 不同土壤种类,不同肥力水平,栽种不同作物,对于氮磷的要求和反应是不一样的。相同的肥料在不同土壤上,对作物的增产效果,又随用量、用期和用法而有差异。根据许多资料指出,磷肥的利用率一般低于氮肥,故对主要作物施肥时,除了考虑土壤肥力、作物品种外,还应适当的提高磷的用量。
Nitrogen and phosphorus are important components of the plant body. Inadequate supply of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil affects the formation of proteins, chlorophyll, vitamins, enzymes, nuclear proteins, nucleic acids and phospholipids in the plant, resulting in poor growth and development. The formation of amino acids, amino acids and amino acids are realized on the basis of sugar production and glycolysis. These processes all involve phosphorus. Therefore, the relationship between nitrogen and phosphorus in plant nutrition is very close. Plant nitrogen and phosphorus is usually the relationship between the three and one ratio. Different soil types, different levels of fertility, planting different crops, the requirements for nitrogen and phosphorus and the reaction is not the same. The same fertilizers in different soils, crop yield increase effect, but also with the dosage, duration and usage are different. According to many sources, the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer is generally lower than that of nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, in addition to soil fertility and crop varieties, the amount of phosphorus should be appropriately increased when fertilizing the main crops.