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目的了解青岛市市南区小学生洗手相关知识与行为,为开展小学生的卫生干预提供依据。方法自行设计调查问卷,采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,来自9所学校27个班的518名小学生进行洗手相关知识与行为的调查。结果饭前和便后洗手、采用正确洗手方法的学生比例大于90%。对洗手可预防手足口病的知晓率最高(97.09%),但对于洗手可预防流感、寄生虫和腹泻的知晓率较低。正确的洗手行为形成率和对洗手可防疾病的知晓率高年级高于低年级(P<0.05);小学生获取洗手相关卫生知识的途径主要通过教师和家长。结论小学生洗手相关卫生知识的健康教育应通过学校和家长深入开展,重点人群是低年级小学生。
Objective To understand the knowledge and behaviors related to handwashing among primary school students in Shinan District, Qingdao City, and to provide the basis for primary school students’ health intervention. Methods Self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate the hand-washing related knowledge and behavior of 518 primary school students from 27 classes in 9 schools by stratified cluster random sampling. Results Before and after washing their hands, using the correct method of hand washing more than 90% of the students. The awareness rate of hand-washing prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease is the highest (97.09%), but the awareness of hand-washing prevention of influenza, parasites and diarrhea is low. The correct rate of hand-washing behavior formation and the awareness of hand-washing preventable diseases were higher in senior grades than in lower grades (P <0.05). The primary ways of getting hygiene knowledge about hand washing were mainly through teachers and parents. Conclusion The health education of hand hygiene related knowledge of primary school students should be carried out in depth through schools and parents. The key population is primary school pupils of lower grades.