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以四川省宁南县金沙江下游的河谷地带为研究区域,选择不同海拔下的土壤为研究对象,通过室内测试分析,并运用统计和相关分析等方法,研究不同海拔下的土壤可蚀性变异特征。结果表明,在干热河谷区,海拔对土壤理化性质、机械组成、可蚀性影响显著。在低海拔干热风影响较大的区域,随着海拔的升高,土壤理化性质逐步改善;海拔1 005 m以上地区,干热风影响减弱,土壤理化性质和可蚀性出现转折点,其中理化性质有所降低并趋于稳定,可蚀性显著降低,抗蚀性能显著增强;海拔1 235~1 400 m之间可以作为干热风影响的过渡区,海拔1 500 m以上干热风影响基本消失,植被类型发生变化,土壤可蚀性明显降低,抗蚀性能显著提高。研究结果表明,在金沙江干热河谷区,干热风是影响土壤可蚀性的主要因子之一,因此从水土保持角度出发,在该地区应该尽可能地减少干热风的影响,以提高土地抵抗侵蚀的能力。
Taking the river valley in the lower reaches of Jinsha River in Ningnan County of Sichuan Province as the study area, the soil under different altitudes was selected as the research object. Through indoor testing and analysis, statistical analysis and correlation analysis were used to study the variability of soil erodibility feature. The results showed that in the dry-hot valley, altitude had a significant effect on soil physical and chemical properties, mechanical composition and erodibility. The physical and chemical properties of the soil gradually improved with the altitude increasing. In the areas above 1 005 m, the influence of the dry and hot winds weakened, and the physical and chemical properties and erodibility of the soil turned into turning points. Among them, the physical and chemical properties And the corrosion resistance is significantly enhanced. The elevation of 1 235 ~ 1 400 m can be regarded as the transitional area affected by dry and hot winds. The effects of dry and hot winds above 1 500 m above sea level disappear basically. The vegetation types Changes, soil erodibility was significantly reduced, significantly improved corrosion resistance. The results show that in the Jinshajiang dry-hot valley, dry and hot wind is one of the main factors affecting soil erodibility. Therefore, from the perspective of soil and water conservation, the influence of dry and hot wind should be reduced in this area to enhance the resistance to erosion Ability.