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目的探讨不典型川崎病的临床特征,早期诊断的临床依据。方法回顾性分析2002年8月~2009年10月新疆医科大学第一附属医院收治的出院诊断为川崎病的149例患儿的临床资料,比较分析典型和不典型川崎病的临床特点。结果 149例病例中,108例(72.5%)为典型川崎病,41例(27.5%)为不典型川崎病。与典型川崎病相比,不典型川崎病的发热持续时间明显延长。不典型川崎病常见的症状依次为肛周脱皮(61.0%)、口腔黏膜的改变(61.0%)、双侧球结膜充血(56.1%)和皮疹(51.2%),颈部淋巴结肿大(12.2%)为少见症状。典型川崎病和不典型川崎病实验室检查结果和冠状动脉异常的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论当患儿出现持续发热、口腔黏膜改变、双侧球结膜充血、皮疹和肛周脱皮时,应高度怀疑川崎病的可能。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of atypical Kawasaki disease and the clinical basis of early diagnosis. Methods The clinical data of 149 cases diagnosed as Kawasaki disease admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from August 2002 to October 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features of typical and atypical Kawasaki disease were compared. Results Of the 149 cases, 108 (72.5%) were typical Kawasaki disease and 41 (27.5%) were atypical Kawasaki disease. Compared with the typical Kawasaki disease, atypical Kawasaki disease duration of fever was significantly prolonged. Common symptoms of atypical Kawasaki disease were perianal peeling (61.0%), oral mucosal changes (61.0%), conjunctival hyperemia (56.1%) and rash (51.2%), cervical lymph nodes (12.2% ) Is a rare symptom. The typical Kawasaki disease and atypical Kawasaki disease laboratory test results and the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities was no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion When children with persistent fever, oral mucosal changes, bilateral conjunctival hyperemia, rash and perianal peeling should be highly suspected Kawasaki disease.