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市场经济国家社会保障政策一般可分为“传统型”、“福利型”、“储蓄型”三种,其中福利型社保政策最能迎合大众心态而在选民中通行无阻,成为政客们兜售政策的一大卖点;然而,就其现实性看,由于高福利的社会保障支出必然导致政府的高税费收入,该项体制不食人间烟火的理想主义气息过于浓厚,政府实行起来难免有上气不接下气之嫌。从历史数据看,挪威的国民保险,1999年为159235百万挪威克郎,已占 GDP 的13.6%,占全部政府财政和社会保险预算的36.8%。德国的社会福利支出总额已从1960年的657亿马克上升至1995年的117913亿马克,增长近17倍,而同期的国民生产总值增长不足10倍。英国用于社会保障性支出占 GDP 虽有所下降,但1997年仍达26.5%,沉重的财政包袱之下,
Market economy Countries’ social security policies can generally be divided into three types: “traditional”, “welfare” and “savings.” Welfare social security policies can best meet the general public’s attitude and are unimpeded among the voters and become politicians selling policies However, judging from its reality, due to the high welfare social security spending will inevitably lead to the government’s high tax revenue, the system is not ideal atmosphere of human fireworks is too thick, the government will inevitably have the upper hand Take it easy. Historically, Norway’s national insurance amounted to 159235 million Norwegian kroner in 1999, accounting for 13.6% of GDP, accounting for 36.8% of the total government budget for fiscal and social insurance. The total social welfare expenditure in Germany increased from 65.7 billion marks in 1960 to 11.79313 billion marks in 1995, a gain of nearly 17 times, while the gross national product of the same period increased by less than 10 times. Although the expenditure on social security in the United Kingdom accounts for a drop in GDP, it still reached 26.5% in 1997. Under the heavy financial burden,