汉语的数词有实指和虚指两种功能。实指的数词应从实在的数目上去理解。虚指的数词则不能拘泥于实在的数字,否则定会出笑话。自古以来,数词的实指妇孺皆知,数词的虚指很容易使人上当。杜甫写了一首《古柏行》,赞美诸葛亮庙的柏树又高又大。其中有这样两句:“霜皮溜雨四十回,黛色参天二千尺。”沈括在《梦溪笔谈》中说杜甫这样写是“文章之病”,理由是四十回乃是直径七尺,而高 Chinese numerals have both real and imaginary functions. Really refers to the number of words from the real number to understand. Implicit numerals can not rigidly adhere to the real figures, otherwise it will be a joke. Since ancient times, the real meaning of numerals is well known to women and children. Du Fu wrote a “Cooper line,” Praise Zhuge Liang Temple cypress tall and large. There are two such sentences: “Frosty skin slippery forty times, Dai color towering two thousand feet.” Shen Kuo in “Meng Xi Bi Tan,” said Du Fu wrote that “the article of the disease” on the grounds that forty times but the diameter Seven feet, while high