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目的科学评价β-葡聚糖生物强化大米的食用安全性。方法采用14 d喂养实验评价β-葡聚糖生物强化大米对大、小鼠的急性毒性；采用Ames实验、哺乳动物骨髓红细胞微核实验以及哺乳动物细胞TK基因突变实验评价其遗传毒性。结果在急性毒性实验中，受试物灌胃未见明显毒性作用，解剖观察未见异常，对大、小鼠的半数致死剂量（median lethal dose, LD50）均大于15 mg/kg，属于实际无毒级。在有或无S9活化的情况下，未见受试物对试验菌株TA97a、TA98、TA100、TA102、TA153的遗传毒性；骨髓红细胞微核实验未见受试物对骨髓嗜多染红细胞的诱发作用及对骨髓的抑制作用； TK 基因突变实验结果未显示受试物的致突变作用：3个遗传毒性实验结果均为阴性。结论在本实验条件下，β-葡聚糖生物强化大米未见明显急性毒性及遗传毒性作用。“,”ObjectiveTo provide a scientific evaluation of the food safety of the rice biofortified with β-glucan.MethodsThe acute toxicity and genotoxicity of the rice were evaluated by 14-day feeding experiment, Ames experiment, erythrocyte micronucleus test and mouse lymphoma thymidine kinase gene (TK) mutation assay respectively.ResultsIn the acute toxicity test, there was no obvious toxicity of rice biofortified with β-glucan, and no abnormality was found in anatomical observation. The median lethal dose (LD50) to rats and mice wereall greater than 15 mg/kg, which belonged to the actual non-toxic level. Whether with S9 activation or not, no genotoxicity was found to the tested strains TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102 and TA1535. No induction of polychromatic erythrocytes and inhibition of bone marrow were found in erythrocyte micronucleus test. The results of TK gene mutation assay did not show the mutagenicity of β-glucan bioaugmentation rice. All results of the three genotoxicity tests were negative.ConclusionUnder the current experimental conditions, β-glucan biofortified rice showed no obvious acute toxicity and genotoxicity.