山区留守儿童和非留守儿童预防接种现况调查

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目的了解浙江省某山区留守儿童和非留守儿童预防接种情况,为进一步制定留守儿童免疫规划策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,在浙江省某山区抽取4个乡镇12个行政村,以当地0~6岁儿童为研究对象,开展入户问卷调查,了解儿童基本信息及预防接种信息,比较留守儿童和非留守儿童疫苗接种率和接种及时率。结果共发放问卷420份,回收有效问卷416份,问卷有效率为99.05%。其中留守儿童家庭97户,非留守儿童家庭319户。留守儿童97人,占23.32%,非留守儿童319人,占76.68%;男童206人,占49.52%,女童210人,占50.48%;农村户籍376人,占90.38%,城镇户籍40人,占9.61%。留守儿童与非留守儿童免疫规划疫苗全程接种及时率分别为56.94%和60.43%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组儿童单种疫苗接种率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);但留守儿童乙肝疫苗第3剂接种及时率低于非留守儿童(P<0.05),乙脑疫苗第1剂接种及时率高于非留守儿童(P<0.05)。结论山区留守与非留守儿童免疫规划五苗接种率差异无统计学意义,但留守儿童乙肝疫苗第三剂接种及时率低于非留守儿童。 Objective To understand the vaccination situation of left-behind children and non-left-behind children in a mountainous area of ​​Zhejiang Province, and to provide basis for further development of left-behind children’s immunization strategy. Methods A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 12 administrative villages in 4 towns and villages in a mountainous area of ​​Zhejiang Province. The questionnaires were used to investigate the children aged 0 ~ 6 years old in our county to understand the basic information and vaccination information of children , To compare the vaccination rate and vaccination rate of left-behind children and non-left-behind children. Results A total of 420 questionnaires were sent out, 416 valid questionnaires were returned, and the effective rate of questionnaires was 99.05%. Among them, there are 97 left-behind children families and 319 non-left-behind children families. 97 left-behind children, accounting for 23.32%; 319 non-left-behind children, accounting for 76.68%; 206 boys, accounting for 49.52%, and 210 girls, accounting for 50.48%; 376 rural residents, accounting for 90.38% Accounting for 9.61%. Vaccination rates of immunization programs for left-behind children and non-left-behind children were 56.94% and 60.43% respectively, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in vaccination rate between the two groups (P> 0.05). However, the third group of left-behind children vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine was lower than non-left-behind children (P <0.05), and the first dose of JE vaccine was timely Rate was higher than non-left-behind children (P <0.05). Conclusion There was no significant difference in immunization schedule between the left and left-behind children immunization programs in mountainous areas. However, the third vaccination rate of left-behind children with hepatitis B vaccine was lower than that of non-left-behind children.
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