Background: Double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) is a novel procedure for the diagnosis of small-bowel pathology. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the performance and the diagnostic value of antegrade DBE with those of push enteroscopy (PE). Methods: We reviewed endoscopic and histologic findings in 118 patients examined by PE or antegrade DBE during a period 1980 to 2004. The maximal length of insertion under plain radiograph was compared between patients examined by PE and those examined by antegrade DBE. Diagnostic yield was compared among patients stratified by indication for enteroscopy and the duodenal pathology. Results: Ninety-one patients were examined by PE and 27 patients by antegrade DBE. Length of insertion from the ligament of Treitz was significantly greater in antegrade DBE (median, 92 cm; range, 40-144 cm) than in PE (median, 22 cm; range, 0-98 cm; p < 0.0001). In 90 nonbleeding patients with inflammatory or miscellaneous diseases or polyposis, the diagnostic yield was not different between PE and antegrade DBE (64% vs. 82% , p = 0.13). However, it was higher in antegrade DBE (79% ) than in PE (31% , p = 0.012) in nonbleeding patients without duodenal pathology. In bleeding patients, the diagnostic yield was 40% in antegrade DBE and 36% in PE (p = 0.61). Conclusions: Antegrade DBE is superior to PE in exploration of the small intestine and in diagnostic yield for small-intestinal pathology. Background: Double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) is a novel procedure for the diagnosis of small-bowel pathology. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the performance and the diagnostic value of antegrade DBE with those of push enteroscopy (PE). Methods : We reviewed endoscopic and histologic findings in 118 patients examined by PE or angrade DBE during a period 1980 to 2004. The maximal length of insertion under plain radiograph was compared between patients examined by PE and that examined by antegrade DBE. Diagnostic yield was than among patients stratified by indication for enteroscopy and the duodenal pathology. Results: Ninety-one patients were examined by PE and 27 patients by antegrade DBE. Length of insertion from the ligament of Treitz was significantly greater in antegrade DBE (median, 92 cm; range, 40-144 cm) than in PE (median, 22 cm; range, 0-98 cm; p <0.0001). In 90 nonbleeding patients with inflammatory or miscellaneous diseases or polyposis, the diagno However, it was higher in angrade DBE (79%) than in PE (31%, p = 0.012) in nonbleeding patients without any evidence of DBE (64% vs. 82%, p = duodenal pathology. In bleeding patients, the diagnostic yield was 40% in antegrade DBE and 36% in PE (p = 0.61). Conclusions: Antegrade DBE is superior to PE in exploration of the small intestine and in diagnostic yield for small-intestinal pathology .