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洛克在其代表作《政府论》中论述了国家的起源,政府的权利来源于人民放弃其单独行使的惩罚权利和社会契约的缔结。社会契约产生有限政府,政府的目的就是为了保护公民的自然权利,然而政府的权利并不是专制的统治权,所以政府权利必须在一定程度上受到限制,在一定意义上实行政治分权,必须制定人人遵守的法律,统治阶级也一并受到法律的约束。洛克的有限政府是其《政府论》的精髓所在,针对目前我国进行的政府体质改革以及政府管理体制改革有着重要的启示作用。
Locke discusses the origin of the state in his masterpiece “The Theory of Government,” which derives from the people’s right to punish the punishment and the conclusion of the social contract by giving up their separate exercise. The social contract generates a limited government. The purpose of the government is to protect the natural rights of citizens. However, the government’s rights are not autocratic. Therefore, the government’s rights must be limited to a certain extent. In a certain sense, it is necessary to formulate the political decentralization The law that everyone observes, the ruling class are also bound by the law. Locke’s limited government is the essence of its “government theory.” It plays an important role in enlightenment to the reform of government constitution and government management system in our country.