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目的：探讨Ⅰ型糖尿病患者发病过程中的细胞免疫变化。方法：采集新发病及病程较长的Ⅰ型糖尿病患者和Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)与新生大鼠的胰岛细胞共同培养24 h，观察PBMCs对胰岛素分泌的影响。用正常人的PBMCs作对照。结果：只有初发病的Ⅰ型糖尿病患者的PBMCs对大鼠胰岛素的分泌有抑制作用，表现为刺激后胰岛素分泌减少((127.4±26.3)mU／L(n=12)Vs(209.6±41.8)mU／L(空白对照n=6)及(200.9±41.7)mU／L(健康对照n=5)，P＜0.05)。结论：初发病的Ⅰ型糖尿病患者存在细胞免疫的异常；且这种异常主要存在于发病前后的较短的时间内；这种异常可能是机体胰岛功能减退的原因之一。“,”Aim: To evaluate the relationship between the duration of disease and the status of immune disorder in Insulindependent diabetes mellitus(IDDM). Methods: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)of newly onset and long-termIDDM patients were isolated,and were incubated with the pancereatic islets of newborn SD rats for about 24 h, respectively. Then,the islets were stimulated with glucose (22 mmol/L)for about 1 h. Tne supernatant were taken before and after stimulation for de-tecting insulin by radioimmunoassay as basic and stimulated insulin release. Results: Only the PBMCs from newly onset 1DDMcan suppress the insulin release of islets:the mean stimulated insulin release was (127.4±26.3) mU/L(n=12), which was sig-nificantly lower than that of the control group ((209.6±41.8) mU/L(negative group n=6) and (200.9±41.7) mU/L(healthgroup n = 5)P＜0.05). Conclusion: The cell-mediated immune disturbance of IDDM exists only in the newly onset IDDM pa-tients, and lasts for a short period. The disturbance may play a role in the pathogenesis of IDDM.`